Clinical research glossary
Plain-language definitions for the 192 clinical research terms that appear in Veraflux reports. Search it, or browse by type below.
Statistical31
- Between-Group Difference
- Clinically Meaningful
- Cohen's d
- Confidence Interval (CI)
- Dose-Response Relationship
- Effect Size
- Fold Change
- Forest Plot
- Funnel Plot
- GRADE (Evidence Certainty)
- Hazard Ratio (HR)
- Hedges' g
- Heterogeneity
- I² (I-squared)
- Meta-Regression
- n (Sample Size)
- Network Meta-Analysis
- NNT (Number Needed to Treat)
- Null Finding
- Odds Ratio (OR)
- p-value
- Pooled Analysis
- Post-Hoc Analysis
- Publication Bias
- Risk of Bias
- Risk Ratio / Relative Risk (RR)
- Sensitivity Analysis
- SMD (Standardized Mean Difference)
- Statistically Significant
- Within-Group Change
- WMD (Weighted Mean Difference)
Study Design19
- Allocation Concealment
- Baseline
- Cochrane Review
- Cohort Study
- Crossover Design
- Double-Blind
- Intention-to-Treat (ITT)
- Meta-Analysis
- Open-Label Study
- Parallel-Group Design
- Per-Protocol Analysis
- Pilot Study
- Placebo
- Prospective Study
- RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial)
- Subgroup Analysis
- Systematic Review
- Umbrella Review
- Washout Period
Biological62
- 25(OH)D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D)
- 5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan)
- Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
- AMPK (AMP-Activated Protein Kinase)
- Antioxidant
- BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
- Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D)
- Carnosine
- CFU (Colony-Forming Units)
- Cholinergic
- Cortisol
- Creatine Kinase (CK)
- CRP (C-Reactive Protein)
- Cytokine
- Dopamine
- Dopaminergic
- Dysbiosis
- Endotoxin
- GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
- GABAergic
- Ghrelin
- GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1)
- Glycogen
- HPA Axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal)
- hs-CRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein)
- IgA (Immunoglobulin A)
- IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1)
- IL-6 (Interleukin-6)
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Incretin
- Insulin Sensitivity
- Interleukin (IL)
- Intestinal Permeability
- Kynurenine Pathway
- Lactate
- Lactate Threshold
- Leptin
- Lipolysis
- LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)
- Melatonin Receptor (MT1/MT2)
- Microbiome / Microbiota
- mTOR
- Neuroplasticity
- Neuroprotective
- NF-κB (Nuclear Factor Kappa B)
- NK Cells (Natural Killer Cells)
- Nrf2
- Oxidative Stress
- Phosphocreatine (PCr)
- Prebiotic
- PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)
- ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species)
- SCFA (Short-Chain Fatty Acids)
- Serotonergic
- Serotonin
- Synbiotic
- Thermogenesis
- Tight Junction
- TLR (Toll-Like Receptor)
- TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha)
- Vagus Nerve
Clinical Scale37
- 1RM (One Repetition Maximum)
- Actigraphy
- BAI (Beck Anxiety Inventory)
- BMI (Body Mass Index)
- CMJ (Countermovement Jump)
- DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale)
- DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness)
- Executive Function
- GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale)
- HAM-A (Hamilton Anxiety Scale)
- HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin)
- HOMA-IR
- ISI (Insomnia Severity Index)
- MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)
- MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)
- MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment)
- MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction)
- N-Back Task
- NREM Sleep (Non-REM)
- Polysomnography (PSG)
- POMS (Profile of Mood States)
- PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index)
- PSS (Perceived Stress Scale)
- Reaction Time
- REM Sleep
- Sleep Architecture
- Sleep Efficiency
- Sleep Latency
- Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS)
- Stroop Test
- Trail Making Test
- VAS (Visual Analog Scale)
- VO₂max (Maximal Oxygen Uptake)
- WASO (Wake After Sleep Onset)
- Wingate Test
- WMS-III (Wechsler Memory Scale, Third Edition)
- Working Memory
Supplement26
- Adaptogen
- Anthocyanin
- Anxiolytic
- AUC (Area Under the Curve)
- Bacoside
- Bioavailability
- Catechin
- Cmax (Peak Concentration)
- Curcuminoid
- EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
- First-Pass Metabolism
- Flavonoid
- Half-Life
- HCA (Hydroxycitric Acid)
- Liposomal
- Nootropic
- Pharmacokinetic
- Piperine
- Polyphenol
- Rosavin
- Salidroside
- Standardized Extract
- Tmax (Time to Peak Concentration)
- Valerenic Acid
- Withaferin A
- Withanolide
Safety17
Why every one of these has a page
Veraflux reports quote the literature in the literature's own words, which means terms like heterogeneity and confidence interval turn up in the middle of a sentence about your supplement. Every one of them is underlined in the report and explained where you are reading, so understanding a finding never depends on already knowing the vocabulary.
How Veraflux reads the research